U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
Make The Road New York v. Kristi Noem
Panel
The judges who heard this appeal.
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Judge
Patricia Ann Millett
Barack Obama
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Judge
Neomi Jehangir Rao
Donald J. Trump
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Judge
Julianna Michelle Childs
Joseph R. Biden
Case history
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June 23decided Per curiam decision in Make The Road New York v. Kristi Noem
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Dec. 9, 2025argued Oral argument in Make the Road New York v. Kristi Noem
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Dec. 9, 2025argued Oral argument in Make The Road New York v. Kristi Noem