United States v. Gary Crawford

Type

Opinion

Author

John Kenneth Bush

Filed

Dec. 5, 2025

Case

United States v. Gary Crawford

Case status

Decided

The first passage of the document, as extracted by the source provider.

NOT RECOMMENDED FOR PUBLICATION File Name: 25a0561n.06 No. 23-5429 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FILED Dec 05, 2025 FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT KELLY L. STEPHENS, Clerk ) UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, ) Plaintiff-Appellee, ) ON APPEAL FROM THE UNITED ) STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE v. ) WESTERN DISTRICT OF ) TENNESSEE GARY CRAWFORD, ) Defendant-Appellant. ) OPINION ) ) Before: STRANCH, BUSH, and DAVIS, Circuit Judges. JOHN K. BUSH, Circuit Judge. Gary Crawford appeals his conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1), arguing it violated the Commerce Clause and the Second Amendment. Because he did not object below, we review only for plain error. Binding precedent forecloses the Commerce Clause argument. His Second Amendment as-applied challenge fails based on our caselaw and prior convictions showing his dangerousness. We therefore AFFIRM. I. Gary Crawford has a long, mostly violent criminal record. It began at the age of sixteen, with convictions for criminally negligent homicide and reckless endangerment: he fired a handgun into a crowd and killed someone. In his early twenties came several more convictions, including one for simple possession of marijuana and two for possessing it with intent …

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